本篇文章为大家展示了怎么在SpringCloud客户端中实现Ribbon负载均衡,内容简明扼要并且容易理解,绝对能使你眼前一亮,通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
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一、Ribbon简介
Ribbon是Netflix发布的负载均衡器,它有助于控制HTTP和TCP客户端的行为。为Ribbon配置服务提供者地址列表后,Ribbon就可基于某种负载均衡算法,自动地帮助服务消费者去请求。Ribbon默认为我们提供了很多的负载均衡算法,例如:轮询,随机等,也可自定义;
Ribbon的GitHub: https://github.com/Netflix/ribbon
而在SpringCloud中使用Ribbon和Eureka时,Ribbon会自动从EurekaServer中获取服务提供者地址列表,并基于负载均衡算法。
二、Ribbon实战
1、创建EurekaServer,EurekaClient1,EurekaClient2,之前已经说过了Eureka的使用,这里直接上代码:
EurekaServer:
ServerApplication.java
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class ServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServerApplication.class,args);
}
}pom.xml
4.0.0 com.cn eureka-ribbon-server 1.0-SNAPSHOT UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.13.RELEASE org.springframework. org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies Edgware.SR3 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
application.properties
server.port=8761 #注意:这两个配置eureka默认为true,要改成false,否则会报错,connot connect server #表示是否将自己注册在EurekaServer上 eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false #表示是否从EurekaServer获取注册信息 eureka.client.fetch-registry=false eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
EurekaClient1:
pom.xml
4.0.0 com.cn eureka-ribbon-client 1.0-SNAPSHOT UTF-8 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.13.RELEASE org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-ribbon org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-eureka org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies Edgware.SR3 pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
server.port=8762 spring.application.name=client-8762 eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
而在启动类中加入RestTemplate远程调用实例到容器中,并且 添加LoadBalanced注解,使RestTemplate具备负载均衡的能力 :
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class, args);
}
/**
* @Description: 加入@LoadBalanced注解,就可以为RestTemplate加入负载均衡的能力
* @Param:
* @return:
* @Author:
* @Date: 2018/6/15
*/
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}创建Controller,注入RestTemplate、LoadBalancerClient实例:
package com.cn.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* @program: springcloud-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-06-15 15:55
**/
@Controller
public class RibbonController {
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/loadInstance")
@ResponseBody
public String loadInstance() {
ServiceInstance choose = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("client-87");
System.out.println(choose.getServiceId()+":"+choose.getHost()+":"+choose.getPort());
return choose.getServiceId() + ":" + choose.getHost() + ":" + choose.getPort();
}
}package com.cn;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
/**
* @program: springcloud-example
* @description:
* @author: 535504
* @create: 2018-06-15 16:05
**/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class, args);
}
}EurekaClient2:
pom.xml与EurekaClient1中一致
application.xml:
server.port=8763 spring.application.name=client-87 eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka
ClientController.java:
package com.cn.contorller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* @program: springcloud-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-06-15 16:12
**/
@Controller
public class ClientController {
@GetMapping("/getUser")
@ResponseBody
public String getUser() {
System.out.println("获取用户成功");
return "获取用户成功";
}
}2、启动顺序:
①、依次启动EurekaServer =》 EurekaClient1 =》 EurekaClient2 ;
②、然后将EurekaClient2中的application.properties的server.port=8763改为server.port=8764,再次启动该项目;
③、打开EurekaServer的配置页面(http://localhost:8761/),如下:

④、我们在地址栏输入http://localhost:8762/loadInstance,多刷新几次,会发现每次调用的端口实例都不同,如下图:


⑤、我们在看控制台,如图:

上述内容就是怎么在SpringCloud客户端中实现Ribbon负载均衡,你们学到知识或技能了吗?如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备,欢迎关注创新互联行业资讯频道。
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